"raw" vs. regular cacao butter
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Tech Help, Tips, Tricks, Techniques
The most common sterilization process is high temperature "dry steam." This is often done in a pipe when the beans are being transported from the cleaner/destoner to the roaster.
Another method would be to inject water into the drum of a drum roaster.
When using a convection oven you want one that is plumbed and so you can inject moisture into the cavity of the oven. Some convection ovens are programmable with precise controls over humidity levels (e.g., Unox, Angelo Po) so you can program a specific humidity levels for a specific time during the same point in the roast cycle.
In addition to sterilizing the beans, the humidity will cause the shell to separate slightly from the bean inside, resulting in less cocoa butter transfer in roasting and a bean that is easier to crack and winnow - as long as it is not allowed to cool completely